Minimizing all-terrain vehicle hazards

Warm weather and sunshine draws us all outside which increases the temptation and riding times on ATV's (all-terrain vehicles) whether used for chore purposes or for fun at grandma and grandpa's. While they are very handy, safety must be taken to avoid injury. Take a few minutes to remind your employees, children, grandchildren, and yourself of the potential dangers and how to use common sense to minimize the hazards.

OSHA data indicate that of the 113 and 1,625 workplace ATV fatalities and injuries between 1992 and 2001, all could be attributed to one or more of the following causes: unbalanced or excessive loads, excessive speed for given terrain, operating on paved roads, lack of protective helmet, lack of proper training, and carrying a passenger.

The use of personal protective equipment is the first step toward ATV safety, according to Kansas State University Research and Extension's agriculture safety specialist John Slocombe. He recommends the following equipment for personal protection when driving an ATV:

* Helmet with a face shield and goggles. The equipment should fit snugly, be securely fastened, ventilated, and be approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

* Leather boots or shoes. This means quality boots, or over-the-ankle work shoes with good heels and slip resistant soles.

* Gloves and protective clothing. Depending on the task, long-sleeved shirts, full-length trousers, and well-padded gloves are normally recommended. Avoid loose-fitting clothing, which could easily catch on the ATV while in operation.

The second step for safe ATV operation involves using common sense safety rules-of-the-road. The following advice is offered:

* Never allow younger children and youth to operate ATVs designed for adult-use only. The industry recommended "rule of thumb" is that no one under the age of 6 should operate any ATV, no matter what its specified ATV engine size. And, no one under age 16 should operate an adult-sized ATV. Age levels and engine size recommendations for ATV use are: Ages six and older engine size under 70cc; ages 12 and older engine size 70-90cc; age 16 and older engine size over 90cc.

* Keep in mind that the industry's rider age and engine size recommendations are to be used as broad guidelines only. The real test of the appropriate age of an operator and size of machine is the youngster's strength, skills and judgment. Parents must take a significant supervisory role in making the final determination.

* One seat means one rider; just as on a tractor. ATVs are rider active, meaning the operator needs the full use of the seat to safely maneuver the machine. Extra riders make up a significant portion of victims in ATV injury incidents.

* Do not operate ATVs on paved roads. ATVs are not designed for use on pavement and smooth surfaces tend to allow drivers to increase speeds.

* Observe local laws or regulations and any regulations that have been established for public areas where an ATV is permitted. If you don't know what your local laws and regulations are, check with local law enforcement.

* Use lights, reflectors, and flags to improve visibility.

* Shift your body depending on the situation. When climbing hills, shift your body weight forward by leaning to keep the front wheels on the ground; when going down hills, keep the engine running and in gear, apply the rear brake and avoid sharp turns. Avoid "side hill" situations.

All-terrain vehicles are popular across Kansas and the nation. Their popularity is especially strong on farms and ranches where they are used more and more for daily work chores. With this rapid expansion of popularity, however, comes a significant increase in serious, disabling injuries among ATV users and riders.

Much of this increase can be attributed to children and youth operating ATVs designed for adults, and the failure of ATV riders to wear personal protective gear. Many serious or even fatal injuries to ATV operators and riders could be prevented if certain rules were followed.

Editor's Note: Delta George is a K-State Research and Extension agriculture and 4-H extension agent assigned to Bourbon County. She may be reached at (620) 223-3720.